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Rajaraja Narendra was the son of Vimaladitya and Chola princess Kundavai. In 1021 CE, after the demise of the Eastern Chalukyan king Vimaladitya of Vengi, Jayasimha supported the claim of Vijayaditya VII to the throne against the claims of Rajaraja Narendra.
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Initially, Jayasimha II was successful as Rajendra was busy with his campaigns in Sri Lanka. He tried to recover the losses suffered by his predecessor Satyashraya, who fled his capital and was later restored to the throne by Raja Raja I as a tribute paying subordinate. In 1015 CE, Jayasimha II became the king of Western Chalukyas. Rajendra appointed one of his sons as viceroy with the title Jatavarman Sundara Chola-Pandya with Madurai as the headquarters. The territories were already conquered during the reign of Raja Raja I.
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In 1018 CE, Rajendra marched across the Pandya and Chera kingdoms referred in the Tamil Copper-plate inscriptions. The Sinhala king Mahinda V was taken prisoner and transported to the Chola country. As a result of the campaign, Rajendra captured the regal jewels of the Pandyas, which Parantaka I tried to capture and the crown of the Sinhala king. Rajendra invaded Ceylon in 1017 CE and annexed the entire island. Raja Raja Chola I conquered the northern half of Sri Lanka during his reign. Inscription dated to 1100 CE Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka In the 8th year of the reign of Kopparakesarivanmar sri Rajendra Sola Deva, who, while the goddess of Fortune, having become constant, increased, and while the goddess of the great Earth, the goddess of victory in battle and the matchless goddess of Fame, having become his great queens, rejoiced-that in his extended lifetime, conquered with his great war-like army Idaiturai-nadu, Vanavasi shut in by a fence of continuous forests Kollipakkai, whose walls were surrounded by sulli trees Mannaikkadakkam whose fortification was unapproachable. An excerpt from an inscription in Tamil from Kolar states: He also conquered Kollipakkai, located to the north of Hyderabad in present-day Telangana. In 1004 CE, he captured Talakad and overthrew the Western Ganga dynasty which had ruled over Mysore for almost 1000 years. Rajendra erected a Siva temple at Bhatkal.
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He conquered the Chalukyan territories of Yedatore (a large part of the Raichur district between the Krishna and the Tungabhadra), Banavasi in the north-west of Mysore and capital Manyakheta. These include the conquest of the Rashtrakutas and the campaigns against the Western Chalukyas. Rajendra led Chola campaigns from 1002 CE. In 1018 CE, he installed his eldest son Rajadhiraja Chola I as the crown prince. Rajendra formally ascended the Chola throne in 1014 CE. He spent most of his childhood in Palayarai and was brought up by his aunt Kundavai and great-grandmother Sembian Madevi. He was born on Thiruvathirai in the Tamil month of Aadi. Rajendra Chola I was the son of Rajaraja Chola and Thiripuvana Madeviyar, princess of Kodumbalur. He defeated Mahipala, the Pala king of Bengal and Bihar, and to commemorate his victory he built a new capital city called Gangaikonda Cholapuram. The Cholas exacted tribute from Thailand and the Khmer kingdom of Cambodia. Rajendra’s conquests included the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Sri Lanka, Maldives, and he successfully invaded and raided the territories of Srivijaya in Malaysia, Southern Thailand and Indonesia in South East Asia. During his reign, he extended the influence of the Chola empire to the banks of the river Ganga in North India and across the Indian ocean to the West, making the Chola Empire one of the most powerful empires of India. He succeeded his father Rajaraja Chola I in 1014 CE. Rajendra Chola I or Rajendra I was a Chola emperor who is considered one of the greatest rulers and military generals of India.